The Human Of Bone Marrow Transplantation - 1632 Words

â€Å"It should be noted that marrow grafting could not have reached clinical application without animal research, first in inbred rodents and then in outbred species† E. Donnall Thomas, The Nobel Prizes, 1990 Animal research, as mentioned by Dr. E. Donnall Thomas in 1990 during his Nobel Prize award, has been crucial for the understanding of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) as a clinical therapy 138. His studies extensively used both mice and dogs as animal models. Other important models used in BMT research are rats, cats, pigs and non-human primates. The mouse is an excellent animal model because of the similarities in physiological and pathological traits that they share with other animals and humans. The field of BMT research has taken full advantage of these qualities, and mice have become one of the most commonly used BMT animal models. Transplantation (organ and hematopoietic) began in the early 20th century1. Several studies published between 1949-1953 139-141 documented that organs removed and immediately transplanted back into the same individual (autotransplants) were not rejected. However, organs from genetically different animals but from the same species (allografts) would eventually fail several days after transplantation. After the identification of the antigens that comprise the major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) in the 1960’s, transplantation between genetically different individuals became feasible 1. In the veterinary medical field, it wasShow MoreRelatedEssay on Bone Marrow Transplants1155 Words   |  5 PagesIn the last 40 years, the emergence of bone marrow transplants as a therapeutic modality for fatal disease and as a curative option for individuals born with inherited disorders that carry limited life expectancy and poor quality of life (G). Over 4,500 hematopoietic stem cell [ bone marrow] transplants performed on patients in the United States annually (H). Bone marrow transplants originally developed to allow the use of very high doses of cytotoxic drug treatments for malignancies, such as leukemiaRead MoreStem Cell Therapy Essay1036 Words   |  5 Pagesstem cell, it becomes a new hope in modern treatment. The first successful case of stem cell therapy in human was reported in 1959. Bone marrow restorations were observed in leukemia patients who received total body irradiation subsequent by intravenous injection of their twins’ bone marrow (Thomas et al, 1957). Nevertheless, that effect was transient and the following bone marrow transplantation attempts in non-twin patients and donors can eventually lead to patient’s death from graft-versus-hostRead MoreStem Cell Research Summary Article1058 Words   |  5 Pagesfunction is to make any other cell in the body. These cells are made from ones found in early human embryos, which are called blastocysts. ii. Embryonic stem cells are used to study how blastocysts grow in adults and how they affect other cells. iii. Embryonic cells start as a mass of cells and then grow and develop. This, in humans and other mammals is the start of an embryo that later forms the fully grown human after the many embryonic stem cells duplicate and differentiate. b. Adult stem cells (a.kRead MoreStem Cell Research913 Words   |  4 Pagesshown the ability to differentiate into different cell types, regenerate, and play a role in immune regulation. Studies with bone derived stem cells that I came across where focused on assessing the safety, limitations, and therapeutic effects of bone derived stem cells in patients with varying diseases. Out of the many studies being conducted with stem cell transplantation and disease, the studies being investigating the potential use of stem cells for diabetes caught my attention. The CDC NationalRead MoreThe Advantages and Disadvantages of Stem Cell Research Essay1197 Words   |  5 Pagescells are new, and more active in treatment. Firstly, adult stem cells can be removed from their bone marrow or their nervous system via peripheral system (sensory nervous cells, and motor nervous cells). An advantage that adult stem cells have is that fact that their bone marrow has a very rich supply of stem cells. The adult bone marrow is a soft, sponge-like material found in the core of bones which contain immature cells known as hematopoietic or blood-forming stem cells (National Cancer InstituteRead MoreInsulin-producing Cells Derived from Stem Cells: A Potential Treatment for Diabetes553 Words   |  3 Pages2006). Thus, ÃŽ ²-cell replacement therapy in the form of transplantation would be a great path to prevent the complications. â€Å"Î’-cell is defined as a cell with the phenotype of a mature insulin-producing cell found in pancreatic islets†(Bonner-Weir et al., 2006, p.411). Nevertheless, the supply of insulin-producing cells is insufficient thus limits the extension of this therapy. It is said that ins ulin-producing cells can be used for transplantation therefore much attention is focused on finding its newRead MoreStem Cells And Regenerative Medicine : Cord Blood Banking And Its Therapeutic Application1636 Words   |  7 Pagesrepair â€Å" kit. This paper will conclude importance of stem cells in medicine because of their potential to regenerate and repair damaged tissue . Keywords : stem cells , umbilical cord stem cells , regenerative medicines , cell repair , s Stem cells . Human embryonic stem cells . Patient-specific therapy. METHOD : Articles for this review were selected from Pubmed Central and Medline databases and proquest databases. Introduction : Stem cells are able to generate mature terminally differentiatedRead MoreThe Stem Cell Therapy ( Iusct )1641 Words   |  7 PagesIntrauterine stem cell therapy (IUSCT) refers to treatment of a variety of fetal genetic disorders thought transplantation of either allogenic or genetically modified autologous stem cells. Stem cells become incorporated into the recipient tissue to start proliferation and differentiation through their pluripotent or multipotent potential to compensate for the missing or defective protein. This could be useful in treating fetal genetic disorders which are considered to be perinatally lethal or associatedRead MoreOrgan Donation And The Ethical Implications1441 Words   |  6 PagesORGAN DONATION The beginning steps of organ donations arose with an array of experimental transplants. Although it wasn’t until 1878 that the first successful transplant was completed, which used a bone from a cadaver. (14) From then on bone marrow transplants began by giving patients bone marrow orally to cure leukemia. This had no effect, but later when they used intravenous injections to treat aplastic anemia, there was some noticeable effects. Eventually developments began to arise that largelyRead MoreStem Cell Research872 Words   |  3 Pagesfrom the University of Wisconsin reported the first successful formation of human embryonic stem cells derived from early embryonic cells. This research was the first to demonstrate that it was possible for human stem cells to be manipulated and differentiated. Since the authorization in 2001 by President Bush to grant federal funding for research of stem cell lines, there has been a medical breakthrough in the use of human stem cells. Stem cells are now being examined in how they can help prevent